AVR has updated components for the project titled Rosie. Important! You won't need a computer then. Grand Prize in the Microcontroller Contest 2017, Second Prize in the Design Now: In Motion Contest. Now that grbl can be compiled to the arduino, I will refer to the GRBL compiling page. Normally it shouldn't give problems, but I would still recommend fireproof MDF (yes, it exists) for this use. All the electronics that are being used are mentioned in the B.O.M., except for two resistors (825 Ohm) and two capacitors (1000F). I suppose I was referring to modern YAG systems which are continuously pumped, though the crystal is usually not pure YAG anymore.. ;). That sounds like 'big box' hardware store prices, or perhaps metric fasteners are not as common where you are .
I focussed on building this machine. Its used in certain types of lead-acid batteries, and needs to be re-filled. The DIY ones do work but are no where as efficient as using proper ZnSe optics or Ge lenses and mirrors. So you'll need to repeat this several times with a new piece of wood. What would Captain Kirk do with an Arduino? Try to have that spot in the center of the mirrors, adjust their location before aligning them. Of course, for that price you also get awesome software and customer support when you buy a lasercutter, but I only turned 17 when I started this project and I just didn't have that money. That way, our stepper motors will need to do 3200 steps per revolution with microsteps instead of 200. 2 years ago, 2 years ago Yikes O.o;; I didnt expect this to be put up here as I built it a while ago and just decided to put up the information on hackaday.io so others could take a look at it. In my school, we have a cnc miller, so the plates were cut by one of my teachers. In vector mode, the contour of an object will be cut or engraved. 4 years ago If you don't own a 3D-printer and don't know anyone with a printer, you don't have to buy one yourself. I'm not responsible for eventual accidents. In the pictures of this step, I added some drafts that show you the different views of the frame. The washers are drilled to accept a trio of bolts that will allow the mirrors to be perfectly parallel; anything less and the CO2 wont lase. It's mounted at the furthest point of the axis and it needs to be placed on the nearest point. You just need to cut the profiles like I drew them for you in the attachment and everything will be all right. Still, thatd provide the nitrogen, youd just need a way to suck the oxygen out. If you want more information on what all those numbers are, check out this page. About a year ago, I wanted to buy a CO2 lasercutter to make my workspace complete. We did cooling using a radiator instead of the copper tubes, and I used a blower from a kids bouncy house for the exhaust (really works well!).
The ratio varies depending on the size and design of the laser. I used a bit less than two rolls PLA filament (40) for printing all the parts. I dont say its impossible, but you should get higher standards. But were not talking about people who know all the tricks, are we? Before we can compile GRBL, you need to edit some part of the code to make homing (returning to its home position) possible. Again, with this sheet, I used 8 mm acrylic because I could buy them for a very reasonable price. This is important and needs to be done correctly because as you know, the laser beam is guided to the right direction with the use of mirrors. For those who want to edit the code or want to keep developing the code to give it more functionallities, I've also uploaded the code itself. I had to change this because the flow rate of the fans was reduced a lot. That's not a problem! Why build a small machine when you can build a big one?Since this is still a DIY machine, I wanted it to be easy to change or add parts when needed. Curious more than anything else. Between each session you need to adjust the first mirror by turning those bolts. Now that we have the full frame of our lasercutter, it's very easy to mount all the rails, stepper motors and other parts. These are codes that tell the machine what kind of movement it needs to do and where it needs to go. The water jacket sourrounds the inner tube where the high voltage and gas resides. I have several set of optics for it as well currently. I've uploaded an image file of my SD card, so the only thing you need to do is download the image file and use win32diskimager to write the file to a 4GB SD card. Commercial Co2 lasers are typically energized by huge RF generators, which you cannot buy at the hardware store. HV source to spray electrons? I think it was something like a stun gun. A lasercutter works with Gcodes. They're so thick because we didn't have smaller sheets at school and I liked the combiation of the dark plexi and the high pressure laminate. Extract the .zip file, go to the folder 'grbl' and open the config file with wordpad. kelvinA wrote a comment on project log [R] Embedded electrical components. we need more people building and inventing. After several working houres of your lasercutter, you'll have to redo this step. Probably why its more expensive than CO2 lasers. This is a full step by step instruction on how to build your own lasercutter! AVR has updated components for the project titled Jenny-XJ9. Even if it did, youd just get a bit of arcing, voltage alone wont make water heat up one bit, thats all about the current and to make steam youd need a LOT of it, so much that youd be splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen first. #define HOMING_CYCLE_1 ((1X_AXIS)|(1Y_AXIS)) ", Comment this line. " To prevent a short, the cooling system uses a de-ionizing filter to make sure the water has as little conductivity as possible. 10 months ago, Hi iv not used screws iv used t nuts and bolts as well as L brackets if you would like a full list then email me designlab2020@outlook.com, Answer I included the full wiring diagram for all the drivers and microcontrollers, the best way to wire them is to print the diagram and just mark which wires you already connected, so you'll know what you've already done. I have other pictures and information of it in action and pics of the tube while it is active that I still need to put up. You can download the latest version of GRBL here. I was inspired by the hobby series lasercutter from Full Spectrum Laser for the exterior design of the lasercutter. Fill the tube with CO2 is kind of understating it. There still are some parts like the electronics, laser, water tank that have to be mounted there, so those rooms need to be left open. Length of the tube (and thus power) is limited by the power supply and by the coolingthis can be cheated by using multiple tubes at the expense of a more fiddly optics assembly ;-). You might want to look it up, it has been a while even though I work on the CO2 lasers at work, in fact I am changing cavity optics on the 1600w Mitsubishi at work tomorrow. That being said, pure water is also very difficult to find seeing as it can dissolve many many different chemicals and compounds. Generally, you attach the window using silicone or something similar (because you will need to remove it once it fogs from soaking up moisture). Almost every supplier of acrylic sheets offers cnc cutting them for a cheap price. First set the baud rate to 115200 and type '$$'. 1 year ago. Not true at all, there have been people using the CO2 mix that you breath out into a balloon, as the mix for the laser with kind of reliable results: Only CO2 LASER I ever got to mess with was a 150W baby in an engraving machine. Once you have a machine like this, the sky is the limit! We get premix for the Mitsubishi laser at work and the Bystronic we have mixes its own from three ultra high purity bottles. looks familiar: http://hackaday.com/2012/06/07/incredible-home-made-low-cost-co2-laser/. The water will be pumped from the tank to the laser, to copper pipes for cooling the water and then back into the tank. Mixing it yourself is for compulsive yak shavers. CO2 lasers are very efficient, but not *that* efficient. Thats some legs.
Now that we have mounted the axis, stepper motors and other (3D printed) parts, it's time to mount the plates. One button to detect if the cover is closed and another one is the emergency stop. mission accomplished :p).I do not say this is totally trash, just that some parts are misleading (great wiring when you inverse laser tube cathode and anode hahaha, this made me laugh a lot ^^ I merely burnt the tube XD). Its just not economical to build one now. Thats a brilliant thing to do with an old monitor. I figured Id need the band for structural purposes so I tried removing it through heat expansion. I could also see what the electron gun does in air now Learn more, building a CO2 laser from parts that can be found in any home improvement store, 2014 Imagine RIT: An Innovation And Creativity Festival In Rochester, NY, http://www.jarrodkinsey.org/co2laser/co2laser.html#gas, http://hackaday.com/2012/06/07/incredible-home-made-low-cost-co2-laser/, http://www.diane-neisius.de/laser/index.html#muse, http://www.diane-neisius.de/laser/index_E.html#muse, http://www.diane-neisius.de/laser/index_E.html, http://hackaday.io/project/934-Laser-Additive-Manufacturing, http://www.amazon.com/Build-Laser-Phaser-Working-Projects/dp/0830606041/ref=cm_cr_pr_product_top, http://hackaday.io/project/1043-Base-3Ternary-Computer-from-scratch, Why Fedora Decided To Give CC0 Licensed Code The Boot, Where Pollution Hits The Road: The Growing Environmental Hazard Of Rubber Tires, The Surprisingly Manual Process Of Building Automotive Wire Harnesses, Biomimetic Surfaces: Copying Nature To Deter Bacteria And Keep Ship Hulls Smooth. I made this machine together with my friend Thibo as it was our integrated project for school (we are in our last year of industrial sciences). I included the .dxf files of all of the plates that have to be cut for the lasercutter in this step. I added the drafts of edited profiles in this step. The colour of the parts doesn't really matter, but I printed all of the inner parts in red (because we liked it) and the exterior parts in black (and some inner parts, just because I ran out of red filament ;)). As I already said, the aim is to build a stand alone lasercutter, which means that the raspberry will read the codes from a USB drive and send them one by one to the arduino. Using pure CO2 doesnt work since you dont have nitrogen. Would it be possible to burn some pure charcoal (ie not bbq stuff) in this gas, to leave just He, N, and CO2? // #define HOMING_CYCLE_1 (1Y_AXIS) ", Uncomment this line. People have good success with epoxy for sealing, and a fridge compressor easily does 100 torr. Awesum!! In practice, though, theres a lot of extra bits and bobs required for a working laser.. Protecting The Hughes H4 Hercules With Beach Balls? In the attachments of this step I included a guide that says which profiles that need to be mounted and where. If one of the mirrors is reflecting to the wrong direction, beam will not arrive at the right place or it wil burn something that doesn't need to be burned. Youre going to fire electrons as some gallium arsenide and let it deposit to make crystals? 11 months ago. I will add those files in the steps where I talk about building or assembling the seperate parts of the lasercutter. You have to change it frequently or run it through a deionizing filter to keep it neutral. And while CO2 lasers are famously tolerant when it comes to the final gas mix, the whole shebang has to be maintained at low pressure and generally babied along to begin lasing. on Step 16, My son and I built this guy (or were rather inspired by it). Therefore I use a dark acrylic plate for the cover. Also the helium that is found in department stores is supposedly anything but pure. I dont remember any more, the only things that interested me in the time were the laser projects.
Something from the early days of the Buildlog laser cutter forums was that folks were cutting circular sections out of old hard drive platters and using these for mirrors in their cutters instead of the ZnSe mirrors one often uses. They can only etch coated metals and bare metals (requires use of coating or spray). One of the vibrational modes of the CO2 molecule is close to the excited N2 energy level and the Nitrogen gives up its energy to the CO2. UPDATE: I have removed the raspberry pi and touchscreen from my lasercutter and just replaced it with four switches (for enabeling ventilation, cooling, lights and air assist). is pushing the bounds of what anyone would call reasonable http://www.diane-neisius.de/laser/index_E.html. For a 100W laser tube, you pump it with 600W of electrical energy, to get 100W of 10.6um photons.
1 year ago. To my understanding: CO2 laser cutters don't do well with that. I used an arduino running on GRBL as gcode interpreter. One problem was that lasercutters aren't cheap, especially not for hobbyists who want a large cutting area. I mounted almost every plate, except for the back plate and the side plate on the side of the electronics. You can see the values that need to be changed in the image I uploaded in this step. Its $1/gallon. If you know what you are doing it is actually quite easy to get a co2 laser this long to lase. GRBL is free and open source software. Perfect for laser cooling as well. Learn how your comment data is processed. I don't know if you are familiar with laser cutters, but you have the tens of kV PSU and the burning laser itself (+ toxic fumes and in this case electricity + water).I don't care about the blog (and reading frequentation metrics can show you that), just be aware of the risks and hidden problems if you want to be a builder yourself. I have some mutated sea bass which deserve a warm meal. When the CO2 decays from this excited state, the desired 10.6um photons stimulate other excited CO2 molecules to decay as well (this is the stimulated emission that is part of the LASER name).
CO2 doesnt excite in the F band. June 7, 2012 at 4:55 pm Youll boil your shark! The seperate spaces will be seperated by 3 mm acrylic. Also, pronoun above is wrong, should be she ^^;; The laser gas is composed of helium, co2, and nitrogen. In the names of these STL-files I mentioned how many times each part needs to be printed. As usual, I've made a complete bill of materials with everything you need to build your own lasercutter.
Same bloke, but a new laser, I think.
Still, what an awesome-sounding book. Answer
You can see the direction of the water flow on the pump. I plan on putting up the build log at http://hackaday.io/project/1043-Base-3Ternary-Computer-from-scratch, Please be kind and respectful to help make the comments section excellent. Even modern flash lamp yags are still this way. You can see some of these parts in the image, but not all of them are included there. For the last mirror, the one that leads the beam downwards into the lens, I just adjusted the mirror until the beam was perfectly vertical. Also, between the profiles and every plate of the ventilation area, i glued an 'air strip' (I don't know how you call it in English, but we call it 'tochtstrip'), you can see it in the pictures. How Does The James Webb Telescope Phone Home? The only things not included in this price are shipping costs (a total of about 50) and the 3D printer filament. As this lasercutter uses a 40 W CO2 laser, it is obvious that the laser beam and even reflections of it(!) The transmittance of the window. Its a work in progress, we'll tackle the safety systems and the Pi next. Now I will explain the basic design of this project. I had to replace the lasing tube because the guy working in our graphic shop forgot to turn on the cooling unit before he fired up the laser. The biggest risk for CO2 is getting burned. Then there was the plans in the Build your laser, phaser, ion-ray gun book. That is why I built my own machine. The Acrylic blocks unfocused energy from the laser pretty well, but we still always wear eye protection (with spare pairs for onlookers). We have not tackled the Pi part yet, just the Arduino Uno running GRPL using LaserGRPL to run the table. The raspberry Pi also controls the relay module. I've already made tons of key rings, greyscale pictures, boxes, birthday cards and even a simple duck! I have some questions. My project list has just been reorganized. I mounted the power supplies, arduino, stepper motor drivers, and relays on a plate, this makes it easy to work on it. The charge from the CO2 is transferred helium, when this happens an photon is emitted and then then the helium looses it charge when it hits a wall. Behind the ventilation room, there are two spaces on top of each other. As for this step, I'll just explain how and why I got to this design. It was an RF excited laser. The files with the dimensions of the bevel are also included in this step.
Just added a few samples of stuff made to date. Full water jacket and separate cooling system. I could find out what it does in air but it would probably arc and melt the filament in seconds. It's written in C# with Visual Studio 2017. http://www.diane-neisius.de/laser/index_E.html#muse, Looks like there is a English version as well: From: http://hackaday.com/2012/06/07/incredible-home-made-low-cost-co2-laser/. You can see the lay-out of the electronics in the pictures. In raster mode, the object itself wil be engraved and not only the contour. The research I read says its possible so if I can take the front panel off a big CRT and have it hold together when evacuating it again I can use the original electronics to create a beam. Now you have your own awesome CO2 lasercutter. Steve, Hello Squinn92,i love your results. In use, Nitrogen molecules are excited (typically thru an electrical discharge, but also RF excitation is common). The arduino is just connected to the steppermotor drivers and the driver of the CO2 laser. This was an amazing project done out of a garage with tools on hand, clean wiring and some great work on the control and saftey systems even copy and paste it takes along time to customize code for this. To assemble the profile, just start by assembling the bottom profiles, then the vertical profiles, the upper ones and last of all the middle profiles. Mutated Sea Bass in Wernstrom reverse scuba suits! The "" need to be replaced with those arrows, but I can't type them here because there is probably a bug or something here. I wanted the laser not to be in the working area because it would be bad for the laser to be in all those fumes. I have not hooked a bottle to my mass spec to look, I should someday. The entire project cost me about 1900, this is still a lot of money, but I didn't want to make it from scrap. Was about to say the same thing, her YT account is RetroGameGirl. It also does some safety checks before turning on the laser. I made a scheme of which parts can be cut out of every profile, i added it in this step. For the copper pipes, i bought three 12 mm copper pipes of 1 m together with two female to female elbows and two male to female elbows and just soldered them like you can see on the picture. One for vector mode. 9 days ago, Tip The biggest space of all, is the working area of the lasercutter. 3.
The second factor I kept in mind was how big the working area and the cutter itself would be. A nitrogen laser is very dangerous produces some bad ass UV as in skin cancer levels. Eric Smith wrote a reply on GoForge - A Renesas FPGA Board. For comparison, HeNe lasers are less than 1% efficient, while CO2 lasers are typically 15~20% efficient. The cover won't be as heavy as it is now. Of course this one wouldn't be made out of MDF sheets. This machine uses a 40W laser! All you need to do is fill a tube with CO2, put some mirrors and lenses on each end, and run an electric current through the gas. Well, I got some high quality glass to sinter out of the attempt, I suppose. I guess not many of you have a cnc miller at home. I uploaded a video of this lasercutter on youtube, you can find it here: In this step, I will talk about the design of this machine. This lasercutter uses a 40 W CO2 laser, has a large cutting area of 1000 by 600 mm and has a touchscreen to control it! The upper space is the space where the laser wil come. Maybe graphite even? Cancelling the manned space program hasnt helped much either. Despite the name, CO2 is only the third gas in the CO2 laser cocktail. Im skeptical about the lenses and one way mirrors? This makes it possible for your computer to recognise the arduino and compile GRBL to it. http://www.amazon.com/Build-Laser-Phaser-Working-Projects/dp/0830606041/ref=cm_cr_pr_product_top, as there are no DUMB questions, heres a dumb question, If he needs to excite the tube to get the atoms to jump state, how do you do that while cooling the tube with water? And thats good! When the laser is calibrated correctly and everything is tested, the last plates can be mounted on the construction. That last one is for extra fastness of the frame. You also need to print the hinges and 'voet deksel' to assemble the cover. It needed to be built from high quality materials so it wouldn't fall apart within two years. Getting useable energy out of it requires helium, CO2, nitrogen, the pump, and a decent length. I am looking for a power or intensity control but I'm not seeing anything along those lines. So I decided to use an MDF sheet instead. You'll see, this is very easy and only takes 15 minutes of your time. In the BOM, the individual plates aren't mentioned because you'll get more information about them in step 7. By using our website and services, you expressly agree to the placement of our performance, functionality and advertising cookies. A lot of the parts of this lasercutter are made with the help of my 3D-printer. Praxair sells a variety of CO2 laser gas mixtures, and I suspect their competitors do as well. We enclosed the frame with hardboard and Acrylic (using the cutter to handle the Acrylic). There are two ways to use a lasercutter, vector mode and raster mode. In the names of the files, I mentioned the thickness, the material, the color and the quantity of the plates. From 1930s vacuum-tube electron-beam technology to the sort of stuff thats cutting-edge in microchip production. In the end caps, a pair of brass pipe fittings are JB Welded in place, allowing a place for the mirror assembly and lenses. You can just use a 3D-printing service like 3D hubs, it's very easy.
First of all, you need to install the latest version of the arduino IDE on your computer if you don't have it already. Also, be very (!) just link to this post, when they ask how you lost you sight. I wonder how much power will get out, and also, how scalable is it. Allways use safety goggles when testing the laser. I wanted it to have a large cutting area of 600 by 1000 millimeters. I've chosen a laser head with movable lens, so you can adjust the Z-distance between the lens and the material you want to cut to set the focal point right. You can also import files like .svg, .dxf, .jpeg For sending the G-codes to the arduino, LaserGRBL is being used. Failing that I dunno, diving suppliers or maybe a science supplier? truthspew says: The Raspberry pi is just connected to some buttons. Maybe you could give stuff static charges over the small distance before the beams dissipated in the air. This means that you don't need a computer to send files to your machine. First one in line: safety! Please be careful. It is usually diluted with air. The LASER ate itself. This device reads the codes from your computer (or raspberry pi with touchscreen) and converts them into pulses for the steppermotor drivers and laser driver. Cooling and recirculating the gas is hard, since the plumbing becomes monumentally more complex. In most of the pictures in this instructable, they're mounted on the back of the plate with a filter in front of them, so the fans are actually inside the ventillation room. Anyway here the most amazing girl, who did build herself 2 lasers and lot more: http://www.diane-neisius.de/laser/index.html#muse. Thank the creator that I live a mile and a half from airgas and airliquid. The only thing left to do is calibrate the mirrors for guiding the laser beam to the right location. Now the electronics and the software is done, we are almost ready to use the lasercutter. http://www.jarrodkinsey.org/co2laser/co2laser.html#gas Can anyone explain why the He,CO2,N2 mixture is needed and what the correct proportions are ? The 8 mm dark acrylic sheet used for the cover needs to be cut as well. To mount those parts, just look at the pictures how I did it, I think this is the easiest way to explain it. So the trace gases (and tube structure) are designed to efficiently reconstitute the CO2. Im not sure what youd do for the half silvered mirror, though. 1 year ago. Answer need to be kept inside the machine. Question AVR has updated the project titled Jenny-XJ9. This strip prevents the fumes to escape the ventilation room between the profiles and the plates.
[9.6um is another common CO2 transition, and some lasers are designed for that wavelength instead.]. Despite being able to cut wood, paper, and a bunch of other everyday materials, a carbon dioxide laser is actually surprisingly simple.
A 3D printer is a beautiful investment though. A common problem is the that CO2 degenerates into CO, and that messes up the ratio. [ThunderSqueak] is using a few brass barbed hose fittings, with washers stuck on one end.
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