Ise sets up a field se' in the disc which interacts with the field due to Ip and hence torque is produced in the disc due to this interaction of both the fields. Full disclaimer here. 
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(Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): Basics, Types & Applications, Diode: Definition, Symbol, and Types of Diodes, Thermistor: Definition, Uses & How They Work, Half Wave Rectifier Circuit Diagram & Working Principle, Lenzs Law of Electromagnetic Induction: Definition & Formula. Explain the construction of three phase induction motor with neat diagram. The mechanism consists of a train of gears. If you are facing with any issues or want to request any article please feel free to contact us, and also check out our privacy policy. Power Factor Meters | Electrodynamometer, SCADA System: What is it? In this let us see about construction and working of single-phase induction type energy meter.
The above equation is derived assuming that p lags behind Vph by exactly 90. The shunt magnet provides a low reluctance path through the small air gaps for the circulating fluxes (c1 and c2). The lower electromagnet is called series magnet and it carries the two current coils consisting of a few turns of thick wire. The series magnet of a single phase Energy meter consists of coil of _____. Describe the construction and working principle of single phase AC motor. Both the coils are arranged in such way that one coil produces a magnetic field in proportion to voltage and the other coil creates a magnetic field proportion to current.
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There is a copper shading ring at the central limb of the shunt magnet. So, in order to bring p exactly in quadrature with supply voltage, copper-shading bands or rings are provided on the central limb of the shunt magnet whose resistance is adjustable. As you can see in the figure, there is a thin aluminum disk placed in the gap between the two electromagnets and mounted on a vertical shaft. The speed of the disk can be controlled by changing flux. If there are no proper adjustments in the meter, large errors are introduced in readings. State function of delay line. But there is a need to stop a disk when there is no power supply. Let the torque produced by the braking magnet be TB. This alternating flux p links with the disc and induces an emf Ep in the disc, due to this emf an eddy current Ip flows in the disc, which produces an alternating field p' in the disc. The second operating flux s is produced by series magnet. Describe with neat labeled diagram measurement of flow using turbine flow meter.
With the millivolt meter connectd between the shaft and the bedplate how should the jumper b A. The flux p should be exactly in quadrature (i.e., 90 out of phase) with the supply voltage, but due to the resistance of the pressure coil and iron losses in magnetic circuit p will never be in quadrature with voltage which misleads the operation. D. It should be placed from the shaft to the pedestal while one reading is taken, then removed to take a second reading. Define electrical energy. Two Wattmeter Method of Power Measurement, Difference Between Semiconductors and Superconductors, Difference Between Shunt and Series Voltage Regulator, Difference Between Symmetric and Asymmetric Multiprocessing. Most of the energy meters measures in the unit of Kilowatt-hours (kWh). To make the phase angle between flux produced by shunt magnet and supply voltage about 900, small adjustments in the place of the ring is required. So, if p is not exactly in quadrature with Vph the above relation fails.
The electrical energy utility by the load is basically power consumed over a period of time. Current coils are connected in series with the circuit and load current passes through it.Where as voltage coil is connected to the supply mains and produce a high ratio of inductance to resistance. When the load is not connected, no flux is produced in the series magnet and only a shunt field is present. From the above, the average torque produced in the disc is proportional to the actual power consumed in the load. The force exerted on the disk by the two fields is proportional to the product of the immediate current and voltage in the coils.As a result of it, a lite weight aluminum disk rotates in an air gap.
The aluminum disk is connected to a spindle which has a gear. On some electrical generating equipment one outboard bearing pedestal is insulated from the bedplate. The working of single phase induction type energy meters are based on two main fundamentals: The rotation of metallic disk is operated by two coils. The shaft also carries a pinion (gear) which connects the shaft to the registering mechanism. Explain the concept of single beam dual trace CRO with its block diagram. But, no torque will be produced in the disc due to these two fluxes, because both the fluxes are 180 out of phase. The gear-turn ratio between the adjacent indicators will be 10:1 so that the energy consumed is integrated up to thousands of kWh.
It is used everywhere, no matter how big or small consumption it is. In this system, the rotation of the floating disk has been counted and then displayed on the meter window. It should be placed from one end of the shaft to the other to eliminate shaft currents. This gear drives the register and the revolution of the disk has been counted and displayed on the register which has series of dials and each dial represent a single digit. These components are as follows: The components of this system are two silicon steel laminated electromagnets. This system is required to control the speed of rotation of the disc and also to bring the disc to an idle state when the load is disconnected, which is done by a permanent magnet called a braking magnet. basic-electrical-and-electronics-engineering. If the time interval is in hours, then the energy measurement is in Watt-hours. An electrical measuring instrument used to measure the energy consumption of a load is called an Energy Meter. Describe different types of errors in analog measuring instruments. It is used to short the + and - in a D.C. generator or Phase A and Phase C in an alternator to eleminate the effects of CEMF. C. It should be placed across the insulating block to increase the shaft current to a point where it can be measured with the millivolt meter. Sketch block diagram of single trace CRO. B. State its unit. Your email address will not be published. The constructional details of an induction type single-phase energy meter is shown below. The torque produced is proportional to the difference of the torques due to Ip and Ise. The upper electromagnet is called shunt magnet and it carries a voltage coil consisting of many turns of thin wire.
The driving system consists of two ac electromagnets namely, shunt magnet and series magnet which is magnetized proportional to supply voltage and load current respectively. Describe with suitable example; frequency measurement by Lissajous patterns on CRO. Here we discuss the construction and working principle of induction type energy meter.To understand the structure of watt-hour meter, we must understand the four essential components of the meter. Hence, the winding of the shunt magnet center limb is called a pressure coil and the winding of the series magnet is called a current coil. There is copper bands in the lower part of shunt magnet which provides frictional compensation so that the phase angle between shunt magnet flux and the supply voltage is exactly 90o. Describe principle of operation of Doppler type ultrasonic flow meter with diagram. Meter A single phase energy meter has a constant of 1200 revolution/kWh. One single-phase energy meter operating on 230 V and 5 A for 5 hours makes 1940 revolutions. TB will be proportional to the speed of the disc (i.e., N). Get electrical articles delivered to your inbox every week.
When the load current IL flows through the current coil, the series magnet is magnetized and an alternating flux flows through it, and this flux links with the disc, which also produces an emf Ese resulting in the flow of eddy current Ise. The bottom of the shaft is pivoted into a jewel bearing and the top of the spindle provided with a simple sleeve pin-type bearing.
This should be checked with a millivolt meter and a jumper. In a single phase induction energy meter, in order to obtain true value of energy, the shunt, The disc of a single phase Induction-type energy meter makes 60 revolutions in 6 minutes. As you start consuming power the disk slowly starts rotating and the several rotation of the disk displays the power consumption, in the particular interval of time. Can be used for the measurement of energy over a wide range of loads. As a result of interference of eddy currents and two magnetic fields constitute a deflecting torque in the disk. Hence, the braking torque (which opposes the rotation of the disc) is produced. The field produced by voltage coil is delayed by 90o so that eddy current is induced in the disk. Hence the copper shading rings or bands must be provided to hold the above relation good. This magnet is so placed in order to bring the disc in between the poles of the magnet. Describe the construction and working of evaporating pan with neat diagram. As its name suggest, it registers the number of rotation of the disk which is proportional to the energy consumed directly in kilowatt-hour. They can be used over a long period of time with very little maintenance. A permanent magnet works as a brake which opposes the rotation of the disk and balances the speed of rotation with respect to power consumption. This current set up a field in the disc, which opposes the main field and thereby reduces its magnitude. It is an inexpensive energy meter and almost used universally for ac measurements. Registering system (a mechanism) is also known as the counting system (a mechanism). This system is engaged with the pinion, which is a gear mounted over the shaft of the disc. This eliminates the insulating effect of the bearing. There is a disk spindle which is driven by a gear on the disk shaft and indicates the number of times the disk has turned. Normally it is measured in kilowatt-hours. The measurement of electrical energy consumption by the various domestic and industrial loads is very important from the economic point of view. Electrical Deck is a platform for learning all about electrical and electronics engineering. The main part of this system is a permanent magnet called brake magnet.
V Curves and Inverted V Curves of Synchronous Motor, Difference Between Salient Pole & Non-Salient Pole Rotor, Two Wattmeter Method of Power Measurement - Balanced Load, Induction Type Energy Meter - Construction, Working & Torque Equation. So only a small amount of flux p flows through the central limb to the disc which is one of the operating flux.
Energy meters are the basic part to measure the power consumption. Our articles are written by the electrical engineers in a simple and easy way.
It is also known as watt-hour meter. It is located near the disk so that eddy currents are induced in it due to movement of rotating disk through the magnetic field. Whenever the disc rotates, it cuts the field of the braking magnet and an emf is induced in it which makes eddy currents flow. Since the number of rotations of the disc is proportional to the power consumption, the gear-turn ratio is selected so as to rotate the indicators on the panel to indicate the total energy consumed. This system consists of a lightweight aluminum disc that is mounted on a shaft and positioned in the air gap between the two magnets.
This eddy current reacts with the flux and exerts a braking torque which opposes the motion of the disk. Meter Constant is, The current coil of a single-phase energy meter is wound on. There is a small display window in the front of the meter which displays the reading of energy consumed with the help of dials. Arrangement of counting and displaying the amount of energy consumed. Describe the construction of orifice plate flow meter.
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